Recognizing Women Peacebuilders: Critical Actors in Effective Peacemaking / الاعتراف ببانيات السلام: عناصر فاعلة حاسمة في صنع السلام الفعال

في عام 2000 كانت بانيات السلام وراء قرار مجلس الأمن التابع للامم المتحدة رقم 1325 ومصدر إلهامه حين دعا -لأول مرة في التاريخ- إلى إشراك المرأة في المسائل المعنية بمنع الحروب وصنع السلام. وقد أثبتت الأدلة أن إشراك المرأة يزيد من جودة عمليات السلام واستدامتها. ومع ذلك، مازالت المرأة غائبة إلى حد كبير عن مفاوضات المسار الأول.
ويعد الاعتراف بوجود بانيات السلام ومهاراتهن وتأثيرهن وقيمهن ونهجهن خطوة أولية ضرورية لضمان وجودهن المشروع والمنتظم على مائدات المفاوضات وصنع القرار التي تنهي الحروب وتعزز السلام في المستقبل في جميع أنحاء العالم.
استنادا إلى عقدين من الأبحاث والمقابلات المكتبية والأولية، وتطوير السياسات، والخبرات في مجال المناصرة وممارسات وساطة المسار الأول، تتعمق ورقة “الاعتراف ببانيات السلام: جهات فاعلة حاسمة في صنع السلام بشكل فعال”، في دراسة الدوافع والعوامل التي تدفع النساء إلى أن يصبحن بانيات للسلام في وجه العنف والصراع؛ والأنشطة التي ينخرطن فيها والتي تشيد الجسور بين الساحتين المحلية والعالمية؛ وكيف أنهن -عبر الزمان والجغرافيا- يطوعن التقاليد والممارسات الثقافية والتعاليم الدينية وهياكل القرابة القائمة، إلى جانب القوانين الوطنية والدولية ويعدن تأطيرها ويستخدمنها بصورة استراتيجية، في أثناء سعيهن إلى تحقيق السلام والعدالة والقوة اللازمين للتأثير على الخصوم والقوى المتحاربة.
تستكشف الورقة الموجزة كيف يمكن للمصطلحات والمسميات المستخدمة في مجال السياسات العامة أن تساعد على زيادة مشاركة المرأة في عمليات السلام، أو تعيقها، والعوامل التي تعبر عن تعقيد خبرات منظمات بانيات السلام وتشابكها فيما يتعلق بالأشكال الأخرى من النشاط الاجتماعي السياسي التي تختلف عنها.
وتقدم الورقة –التي تم إعددها كجزء من حملة هي تبني السلام التي تقودها الشبكة الدولية لعمل المجتمع المدني (آيكان) وعضوات التحالف النسائي للقيادة الأمنية (وصل)– إرشادات وتوجيهات عملية مكونة من عشر نقاط وأمثلة على حالات سابقة من شأنها أن تضمن مشاركة بانيات السلام في عمليات المسار الأول للسلام.
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